Radio
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Country Radio Hall of Fame member Charlie Monk, known affectionately within the Nashville music industry as “The Mayor of Music Row,” died at his home in Nashville on Monday (Dec. 19). He was 84.
During his 60-plus-year career, Monk impacted the careers of numerous artists, including Randy Travis, Kenny Chesney, Reba McEntire, George Strait, Tim McGraw, Miranda Lambert and Faith Hill. Monk was inducted into the Country Radio Hall of Fame in 2019.
Born Charles Franklin Monk on Oct. 29, 1938, in Geneva, Alabama, his career in entertainment began in high school in the 1950s, when he started sweeping floors at his hometown radio station WGEA. He quickly landed a weekend on-air shift as a disc jockey.
He went on to serve in the U.S. Army but was quickly drawn back to radio. He became a DJ on WTBF radio while attending Troy State University, followed by a stint on WKRG radio and television in Mobile, Alabama. He became program director and afternoon personality at WACT in Tuscaloosa, before returning to Mobile as a program director at WUNI. Monk would lead the station to become the top-ranking station in the market.
During his time at WUNI, he appeared as a guest announcer on WSM’s Grand Ole Opry. In 1968, he moved to Nashville and WMTS radio in Murfreesboro, where his free-form music and talk show for the station became the first daily radio broadcast from Nashville’s Music Row.
In 1969, he was a founder of Country Radio Seminar, an annual multi-day educational event which has offered networking and career growth opportunities for the music industry professionals for more than 50 years while also serving as a top showcase event for new and emerging artists.
Monk produced and hosted the annual New Faces Show for 40 years and in the process, helped launch the careers of artists including McEntire, Travis, Alabama, Brooks & Dunn, McGraw, Hill, Toby Keith, Jason Aldean, Vince Gill, Lambert, Strait and many others.
Monk also joined the staff of performing rights organization ASCAP in 1970 and began learning every aspect of the music business, while at the same time establishing relationships across the city’s country and gospel music industries.
In 1977, Monk became the Nashville chief of CBS Songs, which swiftly became one of Nashville’s top three publishers. He formed his own music publishing company, Monk Family Music Group, in 1983. He took a leave of absence in 1988 to spearhead the return of Acuff-Rose Music to the upper echelons of the industry, becoming the first publisher to win both ASCAP and BMI “Most Performed Song of the Year” in the same year.
In 1983, Monk signed a singer-songwriter by the name of Randy Traywick—now known as Country Music Hall of Fame member Randy Travis. Other songwriters and artist-writers Monk signed include Marcus Hummon, Holly Dunn, Jim McBride, Keith Stegall, Aaron Tippin, Chris Waters and Chesney.
Songs Monk published have been recorded by Travis, Tippin, Lonestar, McEntire, LeAnn Rimes, Tracy Lawrence, The Mavericks, Cheap Trick, Kenny Rogers, Sandi Patti, GlenCampbell, Otis Redding, Louise Mandrell, Trick Pony, Ike & Tina Turner, Led Zeppelin, and John Michael Montgomery. Monk also saw his own written song recorded by artists including Jerry Reed, Eddy Arnold, Pat Boone, Mandrell, Jimmy Dean, Charley Pride, Angelo Badalamenti, Travis and Charlie Chase.
After a more than three-decade absence, Monk returned to radio in 2004 to help launch SiriusXM in Nashville, hosting the morning show on Willie’s Roadhouse, as well as a weekend music and interview show on SiriusXM’s Prime Country until 2022. Monk also served on numerous music organizations. He was an alumnus and board member of Leadership Music, a lifetime director of the Country Radio Broadcasters, and a member of the Country Music Association, Academy of Country Music, and the Gospel Music Association. He also served as vice president of the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences, vice president of the Nashville Songwriters Association International, vice president of the Gospel Music Association and local president of the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists.
Monk’s honors include induction into the Country Radio Hall of Fame, The Alabama Music Hall of Fame, the University of Alabama College of Communication and Information SciencesHall of Fame and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Tennessee Radio Hall of Fame. He received awards from the Alabama House and Senate, Country Radio Broadcasters, Inc.,SESAC (1998 Publisher of the Year), BMI (Publisher for “Most Performed Song”) ASCAP (Publisher for “Most Performed Song”) and Nashville Songwriters Association International. Heearned a CLIO Award for commercial voice work, an Addy Award and awards and honors from the Mobile Press Register, the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences and theNashville Association of Talent Directors. In 2021, Monk became only the ninth recipient of the CMA’s Joe Talbot Award for “outstanding leadership and contributions to the preservation and advancement of Country Music’s values and traditions.”
A lifelong lover of University of Alabama football, Monk is survived by his wife of 63 years, Royce Walton Monk; Sons Charles, Jr. (Sukgi) and Collin (Grace); Daughters CapucineMonk and Camila Monk Perry (Scott); sisters in law Peggy Walton-Walker Lord (Larry) and Elsie Walton (Colin Hamilton); Grandchildren Sam (Christina), Nathan, Christabel, McKenna,Theodore, Ella, Walton & Douglas; Great-grandchildren Alexis and Sophia and nieces Clara and Linda and nephews Wayne, Brian and Chip.
In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be made to MusiCares, Community Care Fellowship, Calvary United Methodist Church, Rochelle Center or CreatiVets.
Every year, country radio personnel vote on the artists who are most likely to become future country radio mainstays. The top five vote-getters perform during the New Faces of Country Music Show, which serves as the culmination of the annual Country Radio Seminar, putting the newcomers in front of numerous influential country radio industry members.
This year’s includes UMG Nashville singer-songwriter Priscilla Block, who broke through with “Just About Over You,” as well as Big Machine Label Group artist Jackson Dean, who earned a hit with “Don’t Come Lookin’,” and Sony Music Nashville newcomer Nate Smith, who is surging with “Whiskey on You.”
They join BBR Music Group artist and “Country’d Look Good on You” singer Frank Ray, as well as BMG’s Jelly Roll, who has a Billboard top 10 Country Airplay chart hit with “Son of a Sinner” and played a triumphant sold-out hometown arena show in Nashville on Dec. 9.
The 2023 New Faces of Country Music Show will take place March 15, concluding the 2023 Country Radio Seminar slated for March 13-15 at Omni Nashville Hotel.
CRB New Faces Committee Chairman Chuck Aly said via a statement, “The radio and streaming partner constituencies of CRS have spoken and, word is, the future of country music is bright. This year’s New Faces class comprises artists with admirable creative depth and burgeoning commercial impact. Translation: Don’t miss it!”
The first New Faces of Country Music show was held in 1970 and featured Jack Barlow, Jamie Kaye, Karen Kelly, Wayne Kemp, Lynda K. Lance, LaWanda Lindsey, Dee Mullins and Norro Wilson. Since then, a who’s who of country artists have performed on the show early in their careers, including Lefty Frizzell, Eddie Rabbitt, Vern Gosdin and Gene Watson. Reba McEntire, Alabama and Sylvia were among those on the 1980 lineup, while George Strait, Rodney Crowell and Ricky Skaggs performed at the event in 1982. Randy Travis and Marty Stuart were among the 1986 lineup, while Keith Whitley, Dwight Yoakam, Holly Dunn and Lyle Lovett were on the bill a year later.
Tim McGraw met his wife, fellow country singer Faith Hill, during the 1994 New Faces of Country Music Show; that year’s lineup also included Toby Keith, Lari White, Clay Walker and John Berry. Keith Urban and Brad Paisley shared the 2000 lineup, while Miranda Lambert and Eric Church were on the 2007 bill, and Taylor Swift and Luke Bryan were on the same bill in 2008.
The American Music Fairness Act (AMFA), which would require AM/FM stations to pay performance royalties to music creators and copyright holders for radio airplay in the U.S., just cleared a key hurdle in Congress — though the bill is unlikely to pass before the new session of Congress convenes in January.
In a mark-up session on Wednesday (Dec. 7), the House Judiciary Committee (which deals with copyright matters) voted to advance the bill, clearing its way for a full vote on the House floor. To become law, the bill would need to be approved by the full House of Representatives as well as the Senate and then signed into law by President Biden. However, the proposed legislation is unlikely to pass in the current session of Congress, which is drawing to a close at the end of the month, unless it’s tacked onto a must-pass bill during the lame duck period.
In an opening statement prior to the vote, Judiciary Committee ranking member Jim Jordan (R-Ohio) noted that bipartisan negotiations over the AMFA in recent months “stalled and never reached a resolution,” though he expressed confidence the bill could make it through the next Congress.
“While today’s debate is an important start in this conversation, if the American music Fairness Act has not become law this Congress, negotiations must resume next year,” Jordan said. “We believe there’s a deal to be struck here that is fair to all sides most importantly, fair to taxpayers and consumers.”
The AMFA is just the latest attempt by members of Congress to compel radio stations to pay performance royalties, which is a common practice in other countries but has not historically been required in the U.S. In Nov. 2019, Sen. Marsha Blackburn (R-TN) and Rep. Jerrold Nadler (D-NY) introduced a similar bill, the Ask Musicians for Music Act, which would have allowed artists and copyright owners to negotiate performance royalty rates with radio stations in exchange for permission to play their music. That piece of legislation followed a previous bill, the Fair Play Fair Pay Act — also introduced by Blackburn and Nadler — that set out to achieve the same goal.
The AMFA was introduced in the House by Reps. Ted Deutch (D-FL) and Darrell Issa (R-CA) in June 2021, with the legislation announced during a press conference attended by singers Dionne Warwick and Sam Moore and Dropkick Murphys singer/bassist Ken Casey. A companion bill was introduced in the Senate by Sens. Alex Padilla (D-CA) and Marsha Blackburn (R-TN) this past September.
Unlike satellite/online radio and streaming services, AM/FM stations pay only songwriter royalties on the music they broadcast. To rectify that, the AMFA legislation would establish fair market value for radio performance royalties in the same way it has been for those other platforms.
The bill was a response to the Local Radio Freedom Act, a non-binding resolution introduced in May 2021 by Rep. Steve Womack (R-AR) and Rep. Kathy Castor (D-FL) that opposes the imposition of a performance royalty, which proponents argue would be financially devastating for broadcasters. A companion resolution was introduced in the Senate by Martin Heinrich (D-NM) and John Barrasso (R-WY). Both resolutions are backed by the National Association of Broadcasters (NAB), which has long been opposed to enforcing a performance royalty payout on terrestrial radio.
In a statement on Wednesday’s vote, Recording Academy CEO Harvey Mason jr. called it “an important step,” adding, “I am grateful to Chairman Nadler, Rep. Issa, and members of the committee for supporting the music community’s right to fair pay. It is vital to the health of our industry that creators are compensated for the use of their intellectual property on terrestrial radio, and the Recording Academy will continue to advocate for AMFA until this bill is signed into law.”
The Recording Academy is a key supporter of the AMFA along with organizations including the AFL-CIO, the American Association of Independent Music (A2IM), the American Federation of Musicians, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), SAG-AFTRA, SoundExchange and the musicFIRST Coalition. Over the past several weeks, more than 100 artists including Warwick, Common, Harry Belafonte, Jack White, Becky G, Cyndi Lauper and Gloria Estefan have signed their names to a letter urging lawmakers to support the bill.
“To be clear, this fight is far from over,” said musicFIRST chairman and former Democratic congressman Joe Crowley in a statement. “We still have further to go before this important bill can be passed into law and improve the lives of artists across this country, and we know that Big Radio corporations will continue to oppose us every step of the way.”
In his own statement celebrating Wednesday’s vote, SoundExchange president and CEO Michael Huppe called on the full House to pass the bill. “Tens of thousands of music creators – our family, friends, and neighbors – are counting on Congress to do the right thing and help them get paid for their work. We cannot let them down,” he said.
On the other side of the issue, NAB CEO and president Curtis LeGeyt thanked the committee members who voted against advancing the AMFA, along with members of Congress who have supported the Local Radio Freedom Act resolution that stands in opposition to the bill.
“These lawmakers understand that AMFA will harm local broadcasters and audiences around the country, undermine our ability to serve their communities and ultimately fail artists by leading to less music airplay,” said LeGeyt. “Broadcasters urge the recording industry to join us in serious discussions instead of using the few legislative days left in the calendar to pursue divisive legislation that faces broad congressional opposition.”
Whenever I tell someone that recording artists aren’t paid when their songs are played on AM/FM radio, they are surprised. Yet, it’s true: not a single performer has ever been paid a performance royalty by American broadcasters for analog radio.
Unfortunately, that’s only half the story. When U.S. broadcasters, including iHeartMedia, Audacy, Cumulus Media, and others, refuse to pay for AM/FM radio plays, it is a double whammy. First, it denies thousands of hard-working Americans the full ability to make a living from their craft.
Second, this denial is used as an excuse by many countries around the world to withhold payments to U.S. artists when their music is played overseas. European countries typically pay royalties to foreign artists, but some use U.S. broadcasters’ refusal to pay for AM/FM radio plays as an excuse for denying those royalties to American artists. Given that American music is the most popular in the world, this amounts to hundreds of millions of dollars in lost income for American creators – every year.
Think that’s bad? It gets even worse. Some countries (such as France) do collect royalties on behalf of Americans, but that money never gets to the rightful recipients in the United States. Instead, they divert it towards their local artists or to fund local “cultural” programs. SoundExchange and others are currently in French courts trying to remedy this egregious practice.
Fortunately, some progress is being made. In 2020, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) ruled that all artists, regardless of nationality, should be paid when their music is played in Europe. They cite a principle called “National Treatment,” in which a country must treat foreigners with the same laws they treat their own citizens. It’s an important principle: imagine if the United States denied a foreign national the right to a fair trial simply because their home country doesn’t provide those protections.
In reaction to the ECJ decision, France and others are seeking to limit its impact so they can keep diverting royalties away from American artists for their own cultural funds. The Fair Trade of Music coalition is fighting to ensure that Europe does the right thing and treats artists equally, regardless of nationality.
This battle to protect American interests in Europe has been fought for a while, but the problem could be solved instantly if Congress passed the American Music Fairness Act, legislation to finally grant recording artists a performance right for AM/FM. The notion of paying artists for radio play already exists in the rest of the world and also exists in the U.S. for streaming services (such as Spotify or Sirius XM). The fact that the House Judiciary Committee is expected to consider the legislation on Wednesday is a sign that it’s gaining momentum as Congress completes its work. The legislation lays out a fair approach: it requires billion-dollar corporations to pay their fair share for music. It also protects small broadcasters and college radio stations that would have to pay (at most) only $500 a year (less than $2 per day). The smallest of broadcasters are capped at $10 a year.
Corporate broadcasters argue that a “mutually beneficial relationship” exists between AM/FM radio and music creators. Yet their actions belie that claim, as they spend millions to fight this legislation and avoid sharing the billions of dollars they make in advertising from music. In the past year, the NAB and iHeartMedia have spent over $11 million in lobbying alone. Broadcasters are even using their own federally-granted airwaves to run ads opposing the legislation while ignoring calls to give artists equal time to run their own ads. I guess it’s too dangerous for listeners to hear both sides of the story.
It’s important for Congress to act now. The House Judiciary Committee is considering the bill this week. With the passage of the American Music Fairness Act, artists would finally get paid for their music being played on AM/FM radio in the U.S., and it would remove the excuse for other countries to withhold their royalties from Americans. By recognizing the value of their work here at home, the United States can unlock hundreds of millions of overseas dollars for artists.
Most importantly, it’s simply the right thing to do.
Michael Huppe is president and CEO of SoundExchange.
Critics who complain that all country music sounds the same should check out the artist rosters at the genre’s most successful labels, teeming with what appears to be a broader range of artists than at any time in history.
Warner Music Nashville (WMN) recently signed Giovannie & The Hired Guns, a rock band with country and Tejano shadings; and Madeline Edwards, whose blend of country storytelling with pop and R&B sonics is an engaging test of stylistic boundaries. Big Machine’s 19-year-old Kidd G fuses twang and hip-hop with a rebel flare. And Universal Music Group’s Boy Named Banjo and The War and Treaty weave bluegrass/Americana and soul/gospel elements, respectively, into their own left-of-center takes on country.
The proliferation of boundary-pushing artists for the future represents a distinct philosophical change for Nashville labels who historically have played it safe, routinely stocking their rosters with acts that fit established norms. In one of the most-derided examples, country followed its golden era of the early 1990s with “hat acts,” overloading the system with male country artists whose sound and imaging were clear attempts to copy the successes of Garth Brooks, George Strait and Alan Jackson.
“We tend to chase the path of least resistance,” Universal Music Group Nashville (UMGN) president Cindy Mabe says. “A lot of times there’s money that follows that, but what happens is you end up alienating audiences that don’t want to hear just that. There has to be more than one thing happening, [with] appeal for more than one audience. That’s how we grow.”
This expansive approach to rosters is part of an uphill climb for country music, which was considered a Southern-based niche genre for rural white audiences in its infancy. Over time, the size and location of that audience has changed — it remains a dominant force in farming communities across the United States, though its largest fan cluster is likely in the suburbs.
A ream of cultural, technological and organizational changes have required the business to rethink its parameters, widening the potential definition of the format as well as the makeup of its target audience.
“Things that might have been considered left of center, even just two years ago, would be considered more mainstream now,” says WMN senior director of A&R Stephanie Davenport, “because I think our fan base’s horizons have broadened quite a bit.”
Indeed, new and recently developed acts across rosters include trap-country figure Blanco Brown (Broken Bow), pop/R&B-flavored Tiera Kennedy (Valory), bilingual duo Kat & Alex (Sony Music Nashville), piano-based/pop-influenced Ingrid Andress (WMN), multigenre singer/songwriter BRELAND (Atlantic/WMN), moody and elegant music-maker Sam Williams (Mercury Nashville), rock-shaded Elvie Shane (Wheelhouse) and rock-/hip-hop-threaded Lily Rose (Big Loud).
Plenty of developments influenced that level of musical fence-busting:
• Country’s wide-ranging sound: The current chart accommodates Carrie Underwood’s arena-rockish “Hate My Heart,” Kane Brown’s slow-jammin’ “Thank God” and Parker McCollum’s solid country “Handle on You,” so there’s precedent for roster variety. “There’s been a lot of diversity of sound on country radio, and the things that you hear back-to-back-to-back are more varied than you’d hear on top 40,” says WMN senior director of A&R Rohan Kohli. “So I think the signings are a reflection of the diversity that we’ve been hearing for a while.”
• The proliferation of radio chains: When country stations were locally owned, management tended to be more provincial about the genre. Now that chains frequently have programmers overseeing four or more formats, radio is more receptive to artists such as Jelly Roll or Dan + Shay working beyond their home base. “A big hit for one of those executives is something they’re going to be aware of,” says Big Machine Label Group president/CEO Scott Borchetta. “You don’t have to go and reeducate everybody because it’s the same people.”
• DIY technology: With budding artists able to learn music-making at home and promote themselves on social media, a la UMGN’s Priscilla Block, they arrive in the business with built-in knowledge that makes them less apt to bend to accepted norms than previous generations. “We don’t try to fit any of our artists into a box,” Kohli says. “We tell them to go make the music, and we’ll follow it.”
• Digital consumption: Streaming sites have given the consumer easy access to music on country’s margins, allowing fans to find outside-the-box artists such as Corey Kent or Bailey Zimmerman, while they’re still indie acts, forcing labels to be more nimble in reacting to the marketplace.
• Precedent-setting change artists: A wide range of acts — from Willie Nelson to Chris Stapleton to Florida Georgia Line — have made the mainstream bend to their style instead of conforming to the format’s preexisting sound. The genre has been rewarded for pushing the limit in the past: Sound-alikes, as in the hat-act era or the bro-country era, have actually hurt the format, and the business is more committed to widening the playing field instead of just staying inside of it.
• Better inner-division cooperation: Music can still get lost, but the Nashville offices of major labels and publishers are generally working better with coastal pop divisions. That means greater potential for nontraditional acts, which also makes them less risky to sign.
• Expanding demographics: Music Row is more interested than ever in expanding its core audience, intent on attracting more young fans and minorities, especially Blacks and Latinos. In particular, the increase in Black artists — most of whom blend country and R&B influences — means more acts are stretching the sound of the genre.
• Faster trends: In the entire 1980s, country had two trends: the Urban Cowboy movement and New Traditionalism. The last 10 years have seen bro-country, Motown country, boyfriend country, ’90s retro country and, now, the lightly produced, gruff Yellowstone country (think Warren Zeiders and Zach Bryan). The format changes quicker than ever, and labels have to be prepared to shift with it. “If you don’t diversify in some regard, you’re going to have to scrap a whole roster really quickly,” Mabe says. “You have to have a vision of where you’re going.”
• The next big thing: While ’90s-style country and Yellowstone country are current, labels are already looking to the future, unpredictable as it is. “We always are fighting to stay on the edge of what’s next,” Borchetta says. “You want to be early, you want to figure out if there’s more to it than just a TikTok moment. You’re always looking for the next one that has all the right parts and pieces or could grow the right parts and pieces.”
Ultimately, those new artists are stepping into a genre that already has consistent hitmakers with Luke Combs, Miranda Lambert and Keith Urban. Thus, predicting the format’s future direction is only part of the challenge; the new acts also have to be capable of making a difference when matched against the genre’s established voices.
“New artists are competing against artists who’ve had many, many No. 1s,” Davenport says. “It’s not enough to have a good story. You have to have the best story as new artists.”
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SiriusXM is planning cost-cutting measures for the new year — including, potentially, job cuts, the satellite radio service told staff during a company-wide Zoom meeting this week.
SiriusXM CEO Jennifer Witz said the company is reviewing “where there is room for improved efficiency,” as it weighs how to handle macroeconomic challenges like declining advertising budgets and auto manufacturer delays while still investing in a near-total rebuild of its technology infrastructure.
“The results of this review will highlight the other areas where we may need to reduce spending, and it may indicate the need for staff reductions,” Witz said on the Nov. 28 call, according to notes from the call reviewed by Billboard and verified by a spokesperson.
“In the meantime, we need to closely evaluate our hiring needs and be purposeful in prioritizing roles that align with our strategic initiatives.”
This comes amid a wave of music companies announcing layoffs, including Spotify, SoundCloud, BMI and Anghami, as all prepare for a possible economic downturn.
SiriusXM said its cost-cutting review is currently underway. While it has not finalized any decisions on how many jobs would be cut or from what divisions, Witz said the results of the review are expected in the new year.
During Witz’s roughly two years as CEO, SiriusXM has hired about 1,500 new employees, bringing the company’s total headcount to just under 5,700, according to filings.
SiriusXM reported last month that profits fell in the third quarter from a year ago due to a slowdown in Pandora subscriber revenue and higher expenses from investments in podcasting and technology. Third quarter revenues were up overall, as the company’s total subscribers rose to 34.2 million.
The company is in the process of updating the back-end technology and user-friendliness of its SiriusXM app, Witz said during a presentation at the investor day for SiriusXM’s parent company Liberty Media on Nov. 17. Updating the app’s infrastructure so that the company can bring new products to the app quickly is a key part of the company’s growth strategy.
“[The new app] takes the ease and connection we have in-car and extends it everywhere our subscribers go while inviting new listeners in as our standalone streaming business continues to grow,” Witz said at the investor day. She also acknowledged the “challenging macroeconomic environment where we are seeing headwinds in both the ad market and auto industry,” and said those issues are forcing the company to run leaner in certain areas in order to prioritize investing in growing SiriusXM’s audiences.
Leading into next year’s Country Radio Seminar, the nominees have been revealed for the New Faces of Country Music Show, which will be held March 15 at Omni Hotel Nashville, capping off the annual radio-focused seminar, which is slated for March 13-15, 2023.
Traditionally there have been five performance slots for the showcase, which provides a platform for rising artists to perform in front of country radio tastemakers. This year’s nominees are Priscilla Block, Callista Clark, Jackson Dean, Ernest, Jelly Roll, Frank Ray, Elvie Shane and Nate Smith.
The upcoming New Faces of Country Music Show will be held March 15 at Omni Hotel Nashville during CRS 2023. Voting for the final round of performers will open Monday, Nov. 28, and will be open through Friday, Dec. 2, at countryradioseminar.com.
Each year, five artists who have earned significant success at country radio during the qualification period (running Nov. 1 through Oct. 31 preceding the show) are selected to perform, based upon industry voting. Eligible voters must be full-time employees primarily involved with programming, promotion and distribution of country music, in the following company categories: broadcast radio, satellite radio, television outlets and digital service providers (persons with vested interests in individual artists or musical works such as labels, managers, agents, and publishers, are excluded from voting).
The first New Faces of Country Music show was held in 1970 and featured Jack Barlow, Jamie Kaye, Karen Kelly, Wayne Kemp, Lynda K. Lance, LaWanda Lindsey, Dee Mullins and Norro Wilson. Since then, a who’s who of country artists have performed on the show early in their careers, including Lefty Frizzell, Eddie Rabbitt, Vern Gosdin and Gene Watson. Reba McEntire, Alabama and Sylvia were among those on the 1980 lineup, while George Strait, Rodney Crowell and Ricky Skaggs performed at the event in 1982. Randy Travis and Marty Stuart were among the 1986 lineup, while Keith Whitley, Dwight Yoakam, Holly Dunn and Lyle Lovett were on the bill a year later.
Tim McGraw met his wife, fellow country singer Faith Hill during the 1994 New Faces of Country Music Show (that year’s lineup also included Toby Keith, Lari White, Clay Walker and John Berry). Keith Urban and Brad Paisley shared the 2000 lineup, Miranda Lambert and Eric Church were on the 2007 bill, and Taylor Swift and Luke Bryan were on the same bill in 2008.
U.S. radio companies aren’t exactly struggling through post-pandemic recoveries, but economic conditions are preventing a stronger comeback.
The earnings releases of four U.S.-based, publicly traded radio companies – iHeartMedia, Cumulus Media, Audacy and Townsquare Media – reveal an industry in flux. While the music streaming and satellite radio businesses enjoy some security from subscription-based models that can withstand economic upheaval, the radio industry depends on advertising dollars that can fluctuate greatly. Ongoing economic problems caused some advertisers to pull back in the third quarter and cloud radio’s future.
According to Cumulus Media CEO Mary Berner, “starting in late Q2, national advertisers reduced marketing to mitigate the headwinds they face from inflationary pressures, persistent supply chain issues, finance, market turmoil and overall recession risks,” she explained during the company’s Oct. 28 earnings call. Collectively, the macroeconomic pressures resulted in a decline in broadcast revenues of roughly 5% in the third quarter, said Berner, and was the “main driver” in the company’s 2% decline in total revenue to $233.5 million.
iHeartMedia CEO Bob Pittman lamented during the company’s Nov. 3 earnings call that the business “doesn’t have the robustness that we expected.” Still, iHeartMedia, the country’s largest radio company, landed at the high end of its revenue guidance with total revenue of $989 million, up 7% from the prior-year period. Revenue of its multi-platform group — which includes broadcast radio — was $659.0 million, up 0.1% year-over-year, with the help of political advertising. “This will be the best non-presidential political year that we’ve had,” said president, COO and CFO Rich Bressler.
Townsquare Media’s third-quarter revenue of $120.6 million came in at the low end of its guidance range — $120 million to $127 million — and its adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization) of $30.9 million hit the midpoint of its guidance range of $30 million to $32 million.
Audacy was hurt by advertisers’ pullback in the third quarter. Revenue dropped 3.8% to $317 million, and radio revenues dropped 6%, due to “a substantial deterioration of market conditions,” president and CEO David Field said on the company’s Tuesday (Nov. 8) earnings call. “This has obviously taken a toll on our EBITDA and [debt] leverage and has raised concerns.”
Digital remains radio companies’ growth engines. S&P Global Market Intelligence forecasts radio digital revenues to climb 4.8% next year. iHeartMedia’s digital audio segment, which includes its podcasting business, grew 23.4% year-over-year to $254 million in the third quarter. That accounted for 26% of the company’s consolidated revenue, up from 12% in the first quarter of 2020. Podcasting revenue alone accounted for $91.3 million, up 42.1% year-over-year. At Cumulus, digital revenue growth of 20% far outstripped overall revenue growth of 5% in the third quarter. Within its digital segment, podcasting revenue grew 27% year-over-year. Townsquare Media’s digital revenue increased 17%, accounting for half of total revenues, and helped the company set records for third-quarter net revenue and adjusted EBITDA.
Radio companies have taken measures to weather financial uncertainty that will extend into 2023. Cost-cutting remains popular after companies sharply reduced expenses in 2020. IHeartMedia saved about $250 million from 2020 to 2021 — a reduction of historical annualized cost base of about 10% — and targeted an additional $75 million of annual savings this year, said Bressler. Cumulus is “on track to be more than $75 million below the 2019 baseline” of fixed costs, said Berner. Audacy added to its cash reserves by selling real estate worth $56 million in the third quarter and has plans for additional sales.
S&P Global Market Intelligence expects radio local spot advertising to improve by 3% and national ad revenues to grow 1.5%, both down significantly from 2022 growth levels. Solomon Partners estimates 0.8% audio ad spending growth in 2023 based on major advertising agency forecasts from Dentsu, GroupM, Zenith and Magna.
Whatever happens in 2023, radio companies are better prepared than they were for the pandemic in 2020. That downturn “was probably the swiftest and worst downturn I’ve ever lived through,” said iHeartMedia’s Pittman. “And even in that year we had positive free cash flow.”
Still, economic pressures have weighed heavily on radio companies’ share prices. Barrington lowered its price target for iHeartMedia shares from $18 to $13 in an investor note issued Monday. iHeartMedia shares fell 15.1% over Tuesday and Wednesday, to $6.61. Year to date, iHeartMedia shares are down 68.6%.
Shares of Cumulus Media rose 8.9% following its third-quarter earnings release on Oct. 28 — although the stock gave back those gains and more over the next week and a half. As of Wednesday, Cumulus shares are down a relatively mild 38.7% year-to-date. Investors pushed up the share price 39.9% on April 14 on news of a takeover bid by a consortium led by radio veteran Jeff Warshaw. Cumulus rejected the offer and instead offered shareholders a $50 million stock repurchase program. In June, Cumulus spent $25 million to purchase 1.7 million shares, or 8.7% of outstanding Class A shares.
Audacy shares fell 6.3% to $0.298 on Wednesday following the company’s third-quarter earnings release, bringing the year-to-date decline to 88.3%. Audacy shares were trading at $0.59 per share on Aug. 1 when the company was notified by the New York Stock Exchange that it was not in compliance with a listing standard that requires a minimum closing price of $1 over 30 consecutive trading days.
Legendary lawyer Don Passman has likened the music biz and its transformation in the digital era to a Rubik’s Cube. It shifts so much that there have now been 10 editions of his industry bible, “All You Need to Know About the Music Business.”
The industry’s challenges, however, did not deter the lay economists at NPR’s Planet Money podcast after they heard an old song called “Inflation.” The funky, moody track with lyrics like “Inflation is in our nation… I can see a depression coming on” was written in 1975 when inflation was at levels slightly higher than today. A cassette tape of the song by Earnest Jackson‘s Sugar Daddy and the Gumbo Roux showed up in Planet Money hosts Sarah Gonzalez and Erika Beras‘ mailbox one day, and they “got a little obsessed” — so obsessed they embarked on an 8-month effort to start a record label and publish the song.
Gonzales and Beras discuss the challenges of creating a label, striking deals with different stakeholders and promoting the never-before-published song over two episodes of the podcast, this week.
Describing their reporting to Billboard, Gonzalez and Beras say that in the course of creating a contract that split revenue between the label and musicians, they came up with what Passman describes as “possibly the worst record deal I’ve ever seen, from a record company point of view.” (Passman was interviewed for the podcast.)
“We are not doing this to make money. We are really doing this because we want to explain the music industry,” Gonzalez says. “It’s just really difficult to make money in this industry, which we all knew. But it’s not until you get into it that you really understand it.”
If a typical deal gives 80% of revenues generated by a song to the record label and 20% to the musicians, Planet Money proposed giving 80% to the musician, namely singer and songwriter Earnest Jackson, and keeping 20% for their label. The hosts felt that was a fair deal given that even if the song was streamed 1 million times, they could only expect to collect around $4,000 total.
After much back-and-forth with Jackson’s old bandmates, which included Journey bassist and American Idol host Randy Jackson and others who went on to successful music careers, they landed on a deal that gives about 67% to Earnest Jackson, 15% to the bandmates and the remainder to the label and others.
Any revenue generated from the song that goes to NPR will go back into producing more shows, Gonzalez and Beras say. They say they do not plan to recoup expenses from publishing and promoting the song, which included at least $10,000 in legal fees.
Once they uploaded the track to TuneCore and started promoting their first, possibly only hit, they learned that “Inflation” had to be streamed 5,000 times in the first week for the label to be able to pay for promotion. Fortunately, the song crested 65,000 plays in its first few days, but it still has some way to go to reach 1 million plays.
“No one ever makes money on streaming,” Beras says, when asked what she learned from her reporting. “I feel like I’ve repeated that a thousand times and never understood what I said.”
“We put all of our effort behind this song and behind Earnest Jackson and are going all in,” Beras says.
Next, they plan to make it a ringtone — which earns a bit more than streams — and they are trying to land it in a Netflix documentary.
Since launching their label last week, Planet Money has received two more submissions from musicians, according to Beras. For now, they are focused on “Inflation” and have no aspirations to “become music moguls,” Beras jokes.
SiriusXM’s profits fell in the third quarter from a year ago on higher expenses and lower profits from Pandora, but overal revenues rose thanks to SiriusXM subscriber growth, the satellite radio company reported on Tuesday.
Sirius XM Holdings Inc. reported net income fell to $247 million, or earnings per diluted share of $0.06, in the quarter ending Sept. 30, 2022, from $343 million, or $0.08, during the third quarter last year. In its Pandora and off-platform segment, gross profits fell 12% on lower subscriber revenue and higher costs from investments in podcast content, the company said in its earnings release.
Revenues rose 3.6% to $2.28 billion from $2.198 billion in the third quarter 2021, while adjusted EBITDA was $720 million for the quarter, roughly flat year-over-year. The company reiterated that it expects full year revenues of $9 billion, with an adjusted EBIDTA of $2.8 billion.
Total operating expenses rose by more than 15% to $1.813 billion in the quarter on increased subscriber acquisition costs, marketing, sales and general administrative expenses.
Subscriber acquisition costs rose 21% to $86 million due to higher equipment installations by automakers, executives said. That and along with investments and other expenses caused the company’s free cash flow to fall 44% from a year ago to $329 million.
In addition, SiriusXM announced its board voted to raise the quarterly cash dividend by 10%, which it will pay out later this month. The company returned $262 million in capital to stockholders in the quarter, chief financial officer Sean Sullivan said in a statement.
“We continue to drive growth and focus on a disciplined approach to cost management across our organization,” chief executive Jennifer Witz said on a call with analysts. “While near-term objectives remain top of mind, we are focused on the strategy and investments that will drive long-term value for our stockholders.”
SiriusXM third quarter financial highlights:
SiriusXM reported 32.2 million self-pay subscribers, reflecting an increase of 187,000.The total number of subscribers rose to 34.2 million, including a decline of number of 49,000 paid promotional subscribers. The company’s self-pay monthly churn rate remained at record-low levels at 1.5%.Revenue for SiriusXM rose 5% to $1.7 billion compared to last year on self-pay subscriber growth and a 6%-increase in advertising on the SiriusXM platform.Total cost of services at SiriusXM rose 3% to $665 million for the quarter from the third quarter 2021.
Pandora and Off-Platform third quarter financial highlights:
Gross profit for Pandora and Off-Platform segment fell 12% to $173 million for the third quarter 2022, from $197 million a year ago.Pandora monthly active users fell 7% to 48.8 million compared to 52.6 million in the third quarter a year ago, and subscriber revenue declined by 2%.Pandora Plus and Pandora Premium self-pay subscribersheld flat at 6.3 million.Advertising revenue edged 1% higher to $407 million, as total ad-supported listener hours fell to 2.75 billion in the quarter compared to 2.89 billion a year ago. Podcasting and off-platform business revenues rose 37% to $123 million.The total cost of services increased by 7% driven primarily by investments in podcast content.